is rail’s share of total EU energy consumption in transport, to carry 17% of freight and around 8% of passengers of EU27 inland transport (pre-COVID)
more energy-efficient than road due to rail’s physical advantages such as lower rolling and air resistance
improvement in rail's GHG intensity between 2014 and 2018
less CO2-intensive than aviation for passenger transport
less CO2-intensive than road for freight transport
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