Economic note on Energy Prices - November 2025

Today, 80% of the European railway traffic is running on electricity. As the biggest single electricity consumer in many countries, railway operators play a key role in decarbonising energy by shifting to cleaner sources rather than relying on fossil fuels. However, given the high electrification rate of rail, the sector is highly vulnerable to price shocks.

CER analyses energy data collected in the past years to identify general trends that could highlight potential best practices and critical issues.

You can read an analysis from March 2025 or below an updated economic note from November 2025.